In Italy, there are over 30 official dialects and languages other than the official Italian. Some of these languages stem from foreign countries such as Greek or Albanian, while others evolved from Vulgar Latin. Only 12 are officially recognised, which include languages such as Greek, Croatian and German, while others aren’t, such as Neapolitan, Sicilian and Venetian. Since the 1920s, there have been efforts from the Italian governments to promote the official language of Italian, while deprioritising local dialects. This movement has been known as linguistic nationalism.

Market economies are characterised by competition and free trade, centring around protecting private property and minimal government intervention.

Predestination is the Islamic Doctrine that God has complete knowledge of and has allowed everything to happen in the universe for eternity, including individual actions and all other events.